Dr. G. Nagarajan, Senior Vice President of SAE India, has discussed his in-depth research and contributions in the fields of electric vehicles, renewable energy, and sustainable development. In this interview, he shares his thoughts on the potential of the EV industry, the challenges of battery technology, and India’s goal of achieving zero carbon emissions. He also offers valuable advice to the youth interested in entering the EV business and discusses his resolution for 2025.
What do you think about the EV industry and electrification in India?
Dr. G. Nagarajan: India has immense potential, especially in the two-wheeler and three-wheeler segments. I am confident that by 2030, we will be a major player in the electrification of these segments. However, for four-wheelers, we still face challenges, particularly when it comes to the energy required for charging the batteries. Additionally, India remains dependent on fossil fuels for energy supply.
To achieve net-zero carbon emissions, we must work towards transitioning coal-based power plants to renewable energy sources. While significant progress has been made in adding renewable energy capacity, we may see a substantial shift by 2040 or 2050. As per the government's plan, we aim to be carbon-free by 2070. The shift towards renewable energy is key to realizing this goal, and once this transition is complete, electric vehicles will dominate across all sectors, including passenger cars and commercial vehicles.
What is your opinion on the high cost of batteries?
Dr. G. Nagarajan: Currently, battery costs are quite high, contributing to about 25-30% of the total cost of an electric vehicle. Moreover, they add considerable weight to the vehicle. However, significant research is underway to discover alternative battery materials that can speed up ion movement and increase the energy capacity of the electrodes. This would not only reduce the weight of the battery but also increase its energy capacity. I am optimistic that over the years, both the cost of batteries and the weight of battery vehicles will decrease.
What suggestions do you have for the youth looking to start an EV-related business?
Dr. G. Nagarajan: The core focus in the EV industry is the battery, as it is the heart of the vehicle. Anyone looking to enter the EV business should focus on improving the energy capacity of batteries. They should consider researching alternative materials, as this could be a very promising area of development. Additionally, there is a lot of potential in battery recycling and making EV technology more sustainable.
What is your resolution for 2025?
Dr. G. Nagarajan: By 2025, my resolution is for at least 25% of vehicles to be electric. This goal aligns with the 75 years of India’s independence, aiming for 75% of vehicles to be electric. This would be a significant milestone in India's journey toward sustainability and reducing carbon emissions.
Conclusion:
Dr. Nagarajan emphasizes that India has the potential to lead in the EV sector, especially in two-wheelers and three-wheelers. The transition to renewable energy is crucial for achieving net-zero carbon emissions, and innovations in battery technology will help reduce costs and improve vehicle performance. His suggestions for the youth in the EV sector focus on the importance of battery development, making it an area ripe for innovation and growth. Dr. Nagarajan’s vision for 2025 reflects his belief in the long-term success of electric mobility in India.
